Congress could soon allow pension plans to cut benefits for current retirees
By Michael A. Fletcher
December 3 at 9:38 PM - The Washington Post
Congress could soon allow the benefits of current retirees to be cut as part
of an agreement to address the
fiscal distress confronting some of the nationfs 1,400 multi-employer
pension plans.
Several unions and pension advocates opposing the move, which would be
unprecedented, say that permitting financially strapped plans to cut retiree
benefits would violate the central promise of traditional pensions: that they
would provide a defined benefit for life.
gThis proposal would devastate retirees and their surviving spouses,h said
Karen Friedman, executive vice president of the Pension Rights Center, a
nonprofit group. gThe proposal would also torpedo basic protections of the
federal private pension law . . . that states that once benefits are earned,
they canft be cut back.h
Several of the nationfs large multi-employer pension plans are on a course
that would leave them insolvent within a decade. If that occurred, the federal
insurance fund that protects the retirement benefits of more than 10 million
Americans in multi-employer plans could collapse.
In a proposal
made more than a year ago, a coalition of plan trustees and unions said the only
way to salvage the most distressed pension plans without a government bailout is
to allow them to cut retirement benefits before they run out of money. The
reductions would be voted on by the trustees of individual plans, as well as
retirees, under proposals being negotiated by lawmakers. Advocates point out
that the plan laid out by the coalition would leave pensioners in distressed
plans with more than what they would receive from government pension insurance
if their plans failed.
gThe plans that are headed for insolvency would have benefit cuts under
existing law,h said Randy G. DeFrehn, executive director of the National
Coordinating Committee on Multiemployer Plans. gAt least this proposal would
preserve benefits above existing law.h
In recent weeks, negotiations over the proposal have heated up on Capitol
Hill. Still, some key elements are unresolved, including a way to satisfy
objections from United Parcel Service, which withdrew from one of the most
distressed plans in 2007 but would be on the hook to make up for any pension
cuts affecting its retirees.
If those details can be ironed out, congressional aides said an agreement is
possible before the current session of Congress ends this month.
gMembers are still discussing the details about a possible legislative
solution to the multiemployer pension crisis and remain hopeful Congress will
act before the end of the year,h said a bipartisan statement for the House
Committee on Education and the Workforce. gAny decisions regarding how a
possible solution might move through the legislative process will be made by
leadership at the appropriate time.h
Multi-employer plans are formed by businesses and unions that join forces to
provide pension coverage for working-class Americans, from truck drivers to
grocery store clerks and construction workers.
Their finances have suffered over the past decade in large part because of
stock market plunges and a decline in employment and union membership, leaving
the plans with a growing proportion of retirees to current workers.
Employees covered by the plan are part of a diminishing
share of private-sector workers who are still covered by pensions that pay
them a fixed percentage of their pay for the rest of their lives. The idea of
allowing cuts to benefits now being paid to retirees is supported by some
unions, even as it is adamantly opposed by others.
gThis is nothing less than a declaration of war by Congress on American
retirees,h said R. Thomas Buffenbarger, international president of the
International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers. gAllowing cuts to
existing retireesf pensions is simply the wrong way to address the problems of a
few troubled pension plans. . . . The long-standing promise of a secure pension
system must not be overturned by unaccountable lawmakers in a lame-duck session
of Congress.h
Since 1974, the federal law governing the nationfs private-sector pensions
has prohibited cuts to the benefits of workers who have already retired — a
precedent that is now endangered.
Opponents have accused Congress of negotiating the deal gbehind closed
doors.h Also, while the general proposal has been aired in legislative hearings,
they say the specific legislation now being hammered out has not.
gRetirees, most of whom are living on modest incomes, have few alternatives
and no ability to plan for or absorb cuts in their benefits,h said Joyce Rogers,
senior vice president of government affairs for AARP, the lobbying group for
older Americans. gBefore demanding reductions in the pension income of current
retirees, Congress should first require the key stakeholders to take every
possible action permitted under current law to restore their plans to
solvency.h
Michael A. Fletcher is a national economics
correspondent, writing about unemployment, state and municipal debt, the
evolving job market and the auto industry.